1. Inspect and Maintain Your Engine
Your diesel engine is the heart of your truck. It must be in peak condition to handle extended hours on the road. Here’s what to check:
Change the Oil and Filters
Fresh oil keeps your engine lubricated, preventing overheating and reducing wear on internal parts. Be sure to replace both the engine oil filter and the fuel filter to avoid contaminants that could lead to injector failure.
Inspect the Cooling System
Long trips generate heat, making your radiator, coolant levels, and fan clutch critical components to check. A failing cooling system can lead to overheating, especially when hauling heavy loads over long distances.
Check Belts and Hoses
Look for cracks, fraying, or leaks in your serpentine belts and coolant hoses. A snapped belt or ruptured hose in the middle of nowhere can mean an expensive tow.
2. Optimize Fuel Efficiency
Fuel is one of the biggest costs for long-haul trucking. Maximizing your miles per gallon (MPG) starts with:
Keeping Fuel Injectors Clean
Dirty fuel injectors decrease efficiency and cause rough idling. Use a diesel fuel additive to keep them in good condition and prevent carbon buildup.
Checking Tire Pressure and Alignment
Underinflated tires increase rolling resistance, reducing fuel economy and causing uneven wear. Proper alignment ensures smooth handling and prevents unnecessary strain on the steering and suspension system.
Reducing Idle Time
Excessive idling wastes fuel and contributes to carbon buildup in the DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter). When stopped for extended periods, consider using an auxiliary power unit (APU) to keep systems running without the engine.
3. Inspect the Transmission and Drivetrain
A failing transmission or driveline issue can leave you stranded far from help.
Check Transmission Fluid
Low or contaminated transmission fluid can cause slipping gears, overheating, or even transmission failure. If you notice delayed shifting, grinding, or burning smells, it’s time for service.
Lubricate the Driveshaft and U-Joints
Greasing your U-joints and driveshaft components prevents wear and reduces vibrations that can cause damage over time. Regular lubrication also helps prevent premature failure, ensuring a more efficient power transfer to the wheels.
Test the Clutch and Differential
For manual transmissions, a worn clutch can make shifting difficult and impact performance. Also, check your differential fluid to keep gears running smoothly, especially if you're carrying heavy loads.
4. Inspect Brakes and Suspension
Your air brake system and suspension must be in top shape for safety and comfort.
Check Brake Pads and Rotors
Inspect brake pads, rotors, and drums for wear. If you notice soft braking or squealing noises, replace them before they fail. Neglecting worn brake components can lead to reduced stopping power and potential safety hazards on long hauls.
Inspect the Air System
Heavy-duty trucks rely on air brakes, which means checking for leaks in the air compressor, tanks, and brake lines is essential. A faulty air system can result in delayed braking and dangerous driving conditions.
Test Shock Absorbers and Springs
Worn shocks make your ride rough and can cause handling issues. If your truck bounces excessively after hitting bumps, it's time to replace them.
5. Electrical System and Lighting
A failing electrical system can leave you without lights, power, or even the ability to start your truck.
Test the Battery and Alternator
Check for corrosion on battery terminals, and test the voltage to ensure it's holding a charge. The alternator should be functioning properly to keep the battery charged on long trips.
Inspect Wiring and Fuses
Loose or damaged wiring can cause malfunctions in the lighting system, gauges, and engine sensors. Ensure all fuses are intact and connections are secure.
Check All Exterior Lights
Working headlights, brake lights, and turn signals are essential for safety, especially when driving at night or in bad weather.
6. Emergency Preparedness
Even with the best maintenance, breakdowns can still happen. Be prepared by carrying:
- Spare fuses, belts, and hoses
- Basic tools (wrenches, pliers, tire iron)
- Jumper cables and a battery booster
- Tire repair kit and spare tire
- Extra engine oil, coolant, and DEF (Diesel Exhaust Fluid)
- Flashlights and extra batteries
- First aid kit and emergency food/water supplies
7. Plan Your Route and Stops
Use GPS and Weather Apps: Check weather forecasts and road conditions before you leave. Icy roads or strong winds can be hazardous, especially with a full load.
Plan Fuel Stops: Running low on fuel in a remote area is a risk you don’t want to take. Identify fuel stations along your route and plan stops accordingly.
Know Where Repair Shops Are Located: If an issue arises, it helps to know where the nearest diesel repair shop is. Truck Zone has locations across Western Canada, making it easier to find service when needed.
Need Professional Diesel Maintenance?
Truck Zone offers comprehensive diesel truck inspections, maintenance, and repairs at multiple locations across Western Canada. Contact us today to schedule a service before your next long-haul trip!
